Solutions

When monitoring continuously, the SpO₂ value is often affected by the patient’s condition, artifacts created by external devices or by inappropriate attachment of probes.
Nihon Kohden’s monitor has several features for better SpO₂ measurement. Let us introduce one of the features here: Response.
For the other three features, please see each of the following pages. Signal Quality Index, Pulse-amplitude Index, and Sensitivity Mode.

When monitoring continuously, the SpO₂ value is often affected by the patient’s condition, artifacts created by external devices or by inappropriate attachment of probes.
Nihon Kohden’s monitor has several features for better SpO₂ measurement. Let us introduce one of the features here: Sensitivity Mode.
For the other three features, please see each of the following pages. Signal Quality Index, Pulse-amplitude Index, and Response.

When monitoring continuously, the SpO₂ value is often affected by the patient’s condition, artifacts created by external devices or by inappropriate attachment of probes.
Nihon Kohden’s monitor has several features for better SpO₂ measurement. Let us introduce one of the features here: PI (Pulse-amplitude Index).
For the other three features, please see each of the following pages. Signal Quality Index, Sensitivity Mode, and Response.

When monitoring continuously, the SpO₂ value is often affected by the patient’s condition, artifacts created by external devices or by inappropriate attachment of probes.
Nihon Kohden’s monitor has several features for better SpO₂ measurement. Let us introduce one of the features here: SQI (Signal Quality Index).
For the other three features, please see each of the following pages. Pulse-amplitude Index, Sensitivity Mode, and Response.

Our brochures and operation manuals recommend using the body weight of the patient as a yardstick when selecting an SpO₂ probe. We also state that the ideal thickness of the measurement site is 6 to 18 mm in Case 2. Nonetheless, there are cases where it is difficult to stably measure an accurate SpO₂ value, especially for neonates and infants.

Is there any official document or evidence evaluating the accuracy and the performance of Nihon Kohden probes?

How frequent should the probe attachment site and repositioning be checked?

There are some cases where it is difficult to measure SpO_2, such as with restless patients due to body movement. In order to obtain accurate and stable SpO₂ measurements, the probe should be attached in the correct position.

How should we select the measurement site? How about for Infants and Neonates?
Where should we attach the probe for patients where it is difficult to measure on their fingers or toes due to contraction of peripheral blood vessels or low perfusion?

What is SpO₂ measurement? What is the mechanism of SpO₂ measurement with a pulse oximeter?

Electrodes are attached correctly but the waveform shown on the display is not clear enough. It seems it has some kind of artifact.

Is there anything to be aware of, while recording ECG?

What is ECG? Where and how do we attach probes to patients to record clear ECG?

An incubator in NICU has a lot of moisture and fogging, so it is difficult to monitor CO₂ through a sampling tube for carbon dioxide.
Therefore transcutaneous gas monitoring has been used in an incubator.
However that has also other risk of burn injury including cutaneous vesicles.

Even though monitoring CO₂ is important and recommended by ASA/APSM Guidelines, we have a lot of difficulties as below:

1. No portable CO₂ monitors
2. CO₂ sensors are delicate and easy to break, and short lifetime
3. Long CO₂ calibration time and long warm-up
4. Condensation or water trapped in sampling line
5. Slow response, or long time to get results
6. Difficult calibration 
7. Not available for child patients because of bulky size and dead space